مجله تاریخ نگری و تاریخ نگاری
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 14 (پاییز و زمستان 1393)

absence of a clear idea of the concept of "historiographical text", has difficulty with theorizing and conceptualization in the theoretical field of history and its subsidiaries. This problem also has involved researchers of the history of historiography in difficulty and confusion in the detection and investigation of instances of historiographical texts.
To address this problem, it is assumed there are types of written works that are considered as historiographical texts, based on an unstated consensus. These works were named "model texts". Afterwards, The quality of intentionality in these texts , was considered as a criterion for evaluation of these written work's identity. Some historical circumstances as well as the teachings of the philosophy of science, are justifying the application of the intentionality criteria in this role. This is Intentionality and quality of this criteria (components) in the model text; Intentionality, was considered corresponding to the researcher mentality of the problem and how to resolve it. Historiographer's problem, was considered as discovering how to occur an event and representation of the event in a historical narrative, treated as answer, explanation and justification of the problem. Quality of intentionality of texts such as Tabaghat, Amval,KHaraj, biography, genealogy and Mazar are different from historiographical texts and thus the identity of these works, were evaluated heterogeneous with historiographical texts.

The main issue of this research is the rationale's approach of the Iranian historiography before the MASHROOTIYAT. Therefore, by using the analytical – explanation method the historiography of Matavoos Malikyans was reviewed. Author focused on the explanation of the progressive movement, and its results in Japan history. The main hypothesis is that the Matavoos Malikyans has used the rational explanation in his historiography and in his book: MAMLEKATE SHAMSE TALE YA DOLATE JAPOON. Data collection is based on a library's methods. The main results indicate that the Matavoos Malikyans historiography by using the rational explanation has passed the descriptive historiography. He criticized the progressive movement of his time. His criticism is based on three pillars: rationality, the reasons for Japonicas progress, and the Causes of Iranian decline. The all kind of rational explanation can be seen on his historiography.. He mapped a national model for Iranians progressive. In this model, social crises of modernism is controlled and dominated by the West is confronted. According to the Matavoos Malikyans the Westerners countries are trying to promote their own cultural patterns, and that pillaged the material and spiritual resources of the East countries. He has tried to provide a national model for developing in Iran. The main benefit of this study is that raises the history as applications science and as an important knowledge in the issues related to development.

Historiography thought in the historiography the Safavid dynasty and official was continued based on old traditional structure and based on the attitude of the pious king and Shiah promoters. The method of historiography Eskandar Bayg Monshi was continued traditional historian under the Safavid .But in writing his history of features and privileges that distinguish him from his time in traditional historians.
that is main question research, whether Eskandar Bayg Monshi in the events expression Guillan had been special method and insight?
The research results show that, Eskandar Bayg Monshi the method has been systematic in expression transitions Guilan under the Safavid. In terms of historiography, with a smooth style and No difficulty and text coherent and continuous and historian of technology was required the capacity. Despite his attitude monarchy to Safavid king And the elitist attitude of statesmen Safavid,have possibility required the quoted many traditions of honesty and accuracy .
The method used in this research , library and in the form of analytical and critical in the historiography.

Khajeh Rashidaddin Fazlollah Hamedani lived at a time that Mongolian and Turkish tribes attacked Iran and inhabited there, and created widespread changes and dissociations in political and social structures and orders of Iran society. He as a most important member of the Ilkhanid's state bureaucracy, who tried to define common historical bases for Mongolian and Turkish tribes and connected them with culture and values of the Iranian society by writing the Jame-altavarikh as a general historiographical work. For this purpose, he began to history- writing with regard to structure of effective groups in state and community and on the bases of religious and mythological narratives and he attempted to consolidate the foundation of the state and centralization of power through association of Mongolian and Turkish tribes according to oral knowledge of them in both axes. Likewise he aimed to define the principles of legitimacy for the Ilkhanids political system in the Islamic society that ruled by them. According to this purposes and also regarding to status of own historiography audiences including the Ilkhanids and leaders and members of the Mongolian and Turkish tribes and effective members of them, Khajeh on the contrary other historians such as Juwaini and Vassaf, writes his historical work based on the oral narratives and with a simplistic language.

Dream letters of Ghajareie period is one of the non-historiographical source that has a special place in familiarity with fields and intellectual contexts of formation of Constitution Revolution. Numbers of Intellectuals of Ghajareie period began to project novel thoughts and critical ideas. By considering political considerations, limitations, and time requirements, these thinkers have found dream letters as a suitable format to challenge the existing order and explain the corrective comments. Present article analyzes the content of Masalek Almohsenin’s dream letters by Talbof Tabrizi, Ebrahim Beig’s itinerary by Zeinolabedin Maraghei, one word by Mostasharodolleh Tabrizi, dissertation of parliament by Abdolrahim Gharjedaghi Ahari and also evaluates the role of them in awakening minds and developing intellectual fields of constitution revolution by descriptive- analytical method. Findings of present article indicates that these works have had an important role in the formation of intellectual explanation of constitution and presentation of contents like demanding for ruling of law, patriotism, freedom, women's rights, establishment of parliament, anti-superstition, challenging the existing political discipline, anti-tyranny and so on. The importance of this role is revealed by considering political, traditional and religious barriers of constitutionalists.

Hamdollah Mustawfi Qazvini was one of the historians and scholars of Ilkhanids period who, under the influence of his predecessors and influenced by his time, embarked on writing books on history, poetry, and geography. Mustawfi's insight was a combination of rationalism and fatalism and his method, also influenced by his knowledge of history, is a blend of critical method and narrative relying on simple rhetoric and citations. It is assumed that Mustawfi as a pious Muslim unlike many of his contemporary historians and predecessors, while influenced by the traditional viewpoint, has reflected indices of criticism and logical look in his works. The aim of this research is to, based on a descriptive-analytical method, shed light on the relation between his insight and attitude on the methodology of historiography and attitude toward history and tries to respond to the question that how has Mustawfi's attitude and insight influenced his historiography? Data of the article show that this historian's system of thought and ideas had been based on the two narrational and critical approaches and his fatalistic views. While being pro-monarchy and defending Iranian Ilkhanids, he has recorded a lot of information from the chaotic political, religious, social and economical situation of Iran during Mongols and Ilkhanidsperiod.